A large-scale experimental study on CO2 capture utilizing slurry-based ab-adsorption approach

The increasing concentration of CO_2 in atmosphere is deemed the main reason of global warming.Therefore,efficiently capturing CO_2 from various sources with energy conservation is of great significance.Herein,a series of experiments were carried out to successfully test the slurry-based ab-adsorption method for continuously capturing CO_2 in the large-scale cycled separation unit with cost-effect taking into account the scale-up criteria.A bubble column(with height 4900 mm and inner diameter 376 mm) and a desorption tank(with volume 310 L) are the essential components of the separation unit.The novel slurry used in this study was formed with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 and 2-methylimidazole-water solution.The influence of operation conditions was investigated systematically.The results show that increasing sorption pressure and slurry height level,decreasing gas volume flow and sorption temperature are beneficial for separation processes.The volume fraction of CO_2 in the feed gas was also studied.Although the scale-up effect had been observed and it was found that it exerted a negative effect on CO_2 capture,depending on experimental conditions,CO_2 removal efficiency could still reach 85%-95% and the maximum CO_2 loading in the recycled slurry could be up to0.007 mol·L~(-1)·kPa~(-1).Furthermore,the slurry-based method could be operated well even under very moderate regeneration conditions(333 K and 0.05 MPa),which means that the novel approach shows greater energy conservation than traditional amine absorption methods.     

充油SEBS的结构、力学性能和紫外辐照稳定性

自制了一种中间基的苯乙烯-乙烯/丁烯-苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物(SEBS)弹性体用填充油,并从分子结构及微相结构上分析了线型和星型SEBS充油体系的力学性能、紫外辐照稳定性与其结构的关系。通过小角X射线散射(SAXS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征了SEBS充油体系的微观结构,揭示了SEBS分子结构是影响充油体系微观结构的主要因素,且软硬段电子密度差以及PS相间距越大,SEBS的微相分离程度越高。结合Instron万能材料试验机的测试结果,发现SEBS微相分离程度高有利于充油体系力学性能的提高。通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)研究了经紫外辐照后SEBS体系的化学结构变化,结果显示,经紫外辐照后的体系均在1700~1740 cm-1、1800 cm-1附近出现吸收峰,且吸收峰强度越大,力学性能下降得越快,表明氧化降解是造成SEBS体系力学性能下降的主要因素。     

Catalase (CAT) Gene Family in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): Genome-Wide Analysis,Identification, and Expression Pattern in Response to Multiple Hormones and Abiotic Stress Conditions

Catalase (CAT) is an antioxidant enzyme expressed by the CAT gene family and exists in almost all aerobic organisms. Environmental stresses induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that eventually hinder plant growth and development. The CAT enzyme translates the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to water (H₂O) and reduce the ROS levels to shelter the cells’ death. So far, the CAT gene family has not been reported in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Therefore, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis was conducted to classify the CAT genes in the rapeseed genome. The current study identified 14 BnCAT genes in the rapeseed genome. Based on phylogenetic and synteny analysis, the BnCATs belong to four groups (Groups I–IV). A gene structure and conserved motif analysis showed that Group I, Group II, and Group IV possess almost the same intron/exon pattern, and an equal number of motifs, while Group III contains diverse structures and contain 15 motifs. By analyzing the cis-elements in the promoters, we identified five hormone-correlated responsive elements and four stress-related responsive elements. Further, six putative bna-miRNAs were also identified, targeting three genes (BnCAT4, BnCAT6, and BnCAT8). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the BnCAT genes were largely related to cellular organelles, ROS response, stimulus response, stress response, and antioxidant enzymes. Almost 10 BnCAT genes showed higher expression levels in different tissues, i.e., root, leaf, stem, and silique. The expression analysis showed that BnCAT1–BnCAT3 and BnCAT11–BnCAT13 were significantly upregulated by cold, salinity, abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellic acid (GA) treatment, but not by drought and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Notably, most of the genes were upregulated by waterlogging stress, except BnCAT6, BnCAT9, and BnCAT10. Our results opened new windows for future investigations and provided insights into the CAT family genes in rapeseed.     

Gurum Seeds: A Potential Source of Edible Oil

Cucurbitaceae family seeds are mostly discarded as agro-industrial wastes. Gurum (Citrullus lanatus var. colocynthoide) is an underutilized wild cucurbit plant, closely related to desert watermelon, which is grown abundantly in some African countries. Gurum seeds can play a significant role in health and nutrition due to their high oil content. This review describes the nutritional composition of gurum seeds and their oil profile. Gurum seeds are a good source of oil (27–35.5%), fiber (26–31%), crude protein (15–18%), and carbohydrates (14–17%). Gurum seeds oil is extracted by supercritical CO₂ (SFE), screw press, and solvent extraction techniques. The gurum seeds oil is composed of unsaturated fatty acids with a high proportion of linoleic acid (C18:2) and oleic acid (C18:1). Gurum seeds oil contains various bioactive compounds, such as tocopherols, phytosterols, and polyphenols. It is reported that solvent extraction gives a higher yield than the screw press and SFE, but the SFE is preferred due to safety issues. More studies are required for producing better quality gurum seeds oil by using novel extraction techniques that can increase oil yield.     

无机盐对新疆油田三元复合驱界面性能影响研究

界面性能对复合驱提高采收率有重大的影响,界面张力越低,洗油效率越高;Zeta电位越高,油水乳状液越稳定。研究了各类无机盐对新疆油田复合驱界面性能的影响。结果显示,Zeta电位的绝对值随着无机盐浓度的增高而增大;无机碱中,碳酸根离子降低界面张力效果最好,氢氧根次之,碳酸氢根最差;阳离子中,钾离子降低界面张力效果最好,其次是钠离子,镁离子会略微提高界面张力,钙离子则会大幅度提高界面张力;阴离子中,与硫酸根相比,氯离子能更好地降低界面张力。通过以上研究,确定了Q站污水处理站外排水更适合三元复合驱配液。     

Realumination of dealuminated HZSM-5 zeolite by citric acid treatment and its application in preparing FCC gasoline hydro-upgrading catalyst

This article describes a novel citric acid treatment method for realuminating dealuminated HZSM-5 zeolite and its application in enhancing the performance of the zeolite derived FCC gasoline hydro-upgrading catalysts. A series of modified HZSM-5 zeolites were prepared by streaming and/or acid treatments and the influences of the different modification methods on the acidity, pore structure and catalytic performance of the modified HZSM-5 zeolite supported catalysts were compared in the present investigation. The results showed that compared with the single HCl or citric acid treatment, the steaming treatment, and the steaming/HCl treatments, the citric acid treatment after steaming exclusively increased the amount of framework Al species due to its realumination effect on the steamed HZSM-5 zeolite. This realumination effect of the citric acid treatment could optimize the ratio of framework Al to extra-framework Al in the steamed HZSM-5 zeolite and thus greatly improve the acidity distribution and pore structure of the corresponding catalyst. The catalytic performance assessments of the different zeolite supported catalysts for FCC gasoline hydro-upgrading revealed that the catalyst supported on the steaming/citric acid treated HZSM-5 zeolite had balanced initial and long-term activities in hydrodesulfurization, hydroisomerization and aromatization, high liquid yield and improved gasoline road octane number. The superior catalytic performance of the catalyst could be closely related to its suitable ratio of framework Al to extra-framework Al achieved by the combinational use of the steaming dealumination and the citric acid realumination, fully demonstrating the effectiveness of the steaming and citric acid treatments in optimizing the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of HZSM-5 zeolite supported catalysts.     

Keggin结构三维有序大孔PMo_(12)-SiO_2材料的制备与表征

以三维有序大孔SiO2为载体,采用等体积浸渍法将Keggin结构的12-磷钼酸(PMo12)固载化,制备了三维有序大孔PMo12-SiO2材料,利用IR、TG-DTA、XRD、SEM及低温N2吸附等测试手段对制备的样品进行了表征。结果表明,负载后磷钼酸的热稳定性显著提高,经500℃焙烧后,其Keggin结构依然保持;负载后,样品具有三维有序的大孔结构;磷钼酸以微晶形式高度分散在载体的孔隙中,其对孔隙的填充作用使载体的比表面积由125.4 m2/g下降到24.4 m2/g。     

正负离子表面活性剂相互作用的理论和实验研究

Typical cationic and anionic surfactants were chosen and their interactions were calculated by quantumchemical method. Interaction energies are -0.2378kJ·mol~(-1),-3.3394kJ·mol~(-1) and 0.1204kJ·mol~(-1) for the molec-ular pairs with fluocarbon and hydrocarbon chain: C_4H_(10)/C_5H_(12), C_4F_(10)/C_5H_(12), and C_4F_(10)/C_5F_(12), respectively.When hydrophilic group with cationic and anionicions is introduced, interaction energies are -287.40kJ·mol~(-1),-311.18kJ·mol~(-1) and -345.83kJ·mol~(-1). The results show that there is strong static interaction between cationicand anionic surfactants. It has been predicted that mixed monolayer may be formed and surface activity is en-hanced favorably, especially for mixtures of cationic and anionic surfactants with fluocarbon and hydrocarbonchains. The anionic surfactants, sodium octadecylbenzenesulfonate perfluopolyetherbenzenesulonate(ANF-Ⅰ)wassynthesized, mixture effects of ANF-Ⅰ with sodium octadecylbenzenesulfonate or dodecyldimethyl benzylammonium     

煅烧温度对纳米TiO2光催化降解甲基橙性能的影响

以钛酸四正丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同煅烧温度(500℃、600℃、700℃和800℃)的TiO2纳米粒子,对样品进行了TG-DTA、XRD、UV-Vis及IR分析,并以甲基橙为目标降解物,考察了煅烧温度对TiO2光催化性能的影响.结果表明:随着煅烧温度的升高,TiO2晶粒尺寸迅速长大,800℃时,出现金红石相;TiO2的吸收带边随煅烧温度的升高发生了不同程度的红移;600℃煅烧得到的TiO2粒子表面易羟基化,其光催化性能最好.     

CO气源COS水解催化剂的工业侧流试验

介绍了CO气源中脱除高浓度COS水解催化剂的侧流试验情况，侧流试验结果表明，QSJ-01A型催化剂是一种适用于CO气源中高浓度COS的脱除、具有高水解转化率和抗氧毒性的优良催化剂，其最佳使用温度为60～150 ℃。